Publicación: Resistencia bacteriana a los antibióticos: mecanismos de transferencia
Portada
No hay miniatura disponible
Citas bibliográficas
Código QR
Autor corporativo
Recolector de datos
Otros/Desconocido
Director audiovisual
Editor/Compilador
Editores
Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia
Tipo de Material
Fecha
Cita bibliográfica
Título de serie/ reporte/ volumen/ colección
Es Parte de
Descripción general
La resistencia a los antimicrobianos que han desarrollado las bacterias despertó el interés de los investigadores, ya que esta habilidad adaptativa dificulta el tratamiento y, por ende, la erradicación de enfermedades que se derivan de su acción patógena. Este hecho se comprobó poco tiempo después del inicio exitoso y luego ineficiente de la terapéutica farmacológica en el mundo, situación que actualmente demuestra ser un reto para la ciencia. El continuo estudio sobre este fenómeno ha permitido entender cómo las bacterias pueden superar la estrategia terapéutica mediante intercambio genético. Se han identificado diversos mecanismos para transferir la resistencia entre bacterias de la misma especie y a especies diferentes, gracias al intercambio de genes, que implica la participación de elementos tales como los plásmidos, las secuencias de inserción, los integrones, los transposones y los bacteriófagos, los cuales permiten la recombinación genética, de tal forma que elementos genéticos de dos orígenes diferentes se reúnan en una sola unidad, a través de tres mecanismos: la transformación, la transducción y la conjugación. El presente artículo de revisión aborda los tres mecanismos mencionados y la participación de los elementos de intercambio genético para la transferencia de la resistencia bacteriana a los antibióticos, con el fin de facilitar la comprensión de los procesos de defensa de estos microorganismos que afectan directa o indirectamente la salud de los animales y de las personas.
Antimicrobial resistance bacteria have drawn the interest of researches because their adaptive ability has hampered treatment and therefore, the eradication of diseases that stem from their pathogenic action. This was observed soon after the successful beginning of pharmacological therapy around the world that later proved to be inefficient. This is currently a challenge for science. Continuing study of antimicrobial resistance has made it possible to understand how bacteria can overcome therapeutic strategy by means of genetic transference. Diverse mechanisms have been identified for transferring resistance between bacterium of the same species and different species through exchanges of genes that imply the participation of elements such as plasmids, sequence insertion, integrons, transposons and bacteriophages. These permit gene recombination, where genetic elements with two different origins come together in one unit, through such mechanisms as transformation, transduction and conjugation. This review discusses the three transfer mechanisms mentioned above and the participation of genetic exchange elements for the transfer of bacterial resistance to antibiotics with the aim of facilitating understanding of the processes of defense of these microorganisms that directly or indirectly affect animal and human health.
Antimicrobial resistance bacteria have drawn the interest of researches because their adaptive ability has hampered treatment and therefore, the eradication of diseases that stem from their pathogenic action. This was observed soon after the successful beginning of pharmacological therapy around the world that later proved to be inefficient. This is currently a challenge for science. Continuing study of antimicrobial resistance has made it possible to understand how bacteria can overcome therapeutic strategy by means of genetic transference. Diverse mechanisms have been identified for transferring resistance between bacterium of the same species and different species through exchanges of genes that imply the participation of elements such as plasmids, sequence insertion, integrons, transposons and bacteriophages. These permit gene recombination, where genetic elements with two different origins come together in one unit, through such mechanisms as transformation, transduction and conjugation. This review discusses the three transfer mechanisms mentioned above and the participation of genetic exchange elements for the transfer of bacterial resistance to antibiotics with the aim of facilitating understanding of the processes of defense of these microorganisms that directly or indirectly affect animal and human health.