Publicación: Desarrollo de las funciones ejecutivas en niños preescolares. Una revisión de su vínculo con el temperamento y el modo de crianza
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Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia
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El constructo “funciones ejecutivas” (ef) constituye un término “paraguas” bajo el cual se han agrupado diferentes procesos destinados al control consciente del pensamiento, el comportamiento y la afectividad. Numerosas investigaciones han revelado que durante el periodo preescolar estos procesos experimentan mejoras significativas en su rendimiento. Si bien son diversas las variables que influirían en tales cambios, el temperamento infantil (t) y el modo de crianza (mc) han sido resaltados como factores importantes asociados con tal desarrollo. Con el objetivo de analizar la interrelación entre ef, t y mc, se realizará una revisión de algunos de los principales vínculos establecidos entre estos constructos durante el periodo preescolar. La revisión efectuada revela que, si bien son numerosas las publicaciones que hallan un nexo entre las ef, el t y el mc, la diversidad de los diseños utilizados dificulta la comprensión de los mecanismos que mediarían tal vinculación. Se concluirá señalando algunas pautas a considerar para el diseño de futuras investigaciones que podrían clarificar el vínculo entre tales constructos.
The “executive functions” (ef) construct is term under which different processes related to conscious control of thought, behaviour, and emotions have been grouped. Research has shown that, during the preschool period these processes undergo significant improvement in their performance. Even though multiple variables influence this change, child temperament (t) and the mode of upbringing (mc) have been highlighted as important factors in this development. Meaning to analyse the correlation between ef, t and mc we will make a review of the main relations that have been established between these constructs during the preschool period. The review reveals that, although multiple publications find relations between ef, t, and mc, the diversity of the employed designs makes the comprehension that govern said relations harder. We will conclude by pointing out some criteria to be considered in the design of further research to classify the relations between these constructs.
The “executive functions” (ef) construct is term under which different processes related to conscious control of thought, behaviour, and emotions have been grouped. Research has shown that, during the preschool period these processes undergo significant improvement in their performance. Even though multiple variables influence this change, child temperament (t) and the mode of upbringing (mc) have been highlighted as important factors in this development. Meaning to analyse the correlation between ef, t and mc we will make a review of the main relations that have been established between these constructs during the preschool period. The review reveals that, although multiple publications find relations between ef, t, and mc, the diversity of the employed designs makes the comprehension that govern said relations harder. We will conclude by pointing out some criteria to be considered in the design of further research to classify the relations between these constructs.