Publicación:

Heredabilidad de las medidas cefalométricas de la Maloclusión clase III esquelética.

Resumen

Objective: To determine the heritability of cephalometric measurements of skeletal class III malocclusion. Type of study: Observational descriptive cross-section. Materials and methods: The study population was 60 people; 30 pairs of siblings over 18 years of age, of the same gender and children of the same father and mother, one of them (Patient) with a diagnosis of skeletal malocclusion class III, an analysis was made with the lateral radiographs in the natural position of the head. The cephalometries of Ricketts, McNamara, Steiner, Kim and Wits are taken into account, from which specific angular and linear measurements were taken to obtain the cephalometric characteristics of a class III skeletal malocclusion. Subsequently, a digital image of the lateral radiograph was obtained, points and planes were located through the Dolphin program; This same software revealed the diagnoses of the patient and his brother, with whom a database was established with the values and diagnoses of each cephalometric variable to be evaluated, to these values a T-student was applied; to evaluate the equality of the means of both patients and siblings. A correlation analysis was made between the measurements of patients and siblings; the percentage of heritability is calculated. Results: The variables with the highest strict heritability are: Jaraback Spheres with 88% heritability, Pog Nḻ with 89%, followed by Maxillo-Mandibular Difference, ODI and APDI that obtained 100%. Conclusion: The variables that presented a high percentage of heritability were: For sagittal measurements; Maxillo / Mandibular difference, Pog Nḻ, and for vertical measurements; Jaraback and ODI spheres. The APDI variable, as a measure of the horizontal and vertical component, also presented a high percentage of heritability.