Características sociodemográficas y clínicas de pacientes con preeclampsia en una clínica materna de Cartagena, 2017

Abstract

Introduction: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are the leading cause of prematurity, maternal and perinatal mortality in the world, in industrialized countries and in developing countries. Preeclampsia represents the second cause of death, preceded by obstetric hemorrhage; In addition, it is associated with a perinatal mortality up to five times higher, for this reason the objective is to compare the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients with and without preeclampsia at a Maternity Clinic in Cartagena during the period from June to December 2017. Materials and Methods: Analytical, retrospective study. The study variables were extracted from the clinical histories contained in the Clinical Archives Office of a maternal clinic in Cartagena. Inclusion criteria: patient that meets the diagnostic criteria for preeclampsia and that the clinical record is fully completed, exclusion criteria: patients who do not present a complete medical history. The statistical package SPSS® version 24.0 was used to analyze the data. . Results: We performed a logistic regression analysis, the variables that showed a statistically significant relationship with the prevalence of preeclampsia during the bivariate analysis: free union, personal history of preeclampsia, history of diabetes mellitus and antecedents of obesity. A model capable of predicting between 12.8% - 18.0% of the cases in which the diagnosis of Preeclampsia prevailed was obtained. Conclusions: The prevalence of preeclampsia in the study population was 30.3%. The factors associated with a higher prevalence of the disease were, in order, the personal history of diabetes mellitus, the personal history of preeclampsia in a previous pregnancy, the personal history of obesity and a civil state of a free union type.