Publicación:

Implementación de una estrategia de control, en un torno CNC de los laboratorios de la universidad UCC; Basado en equipos de procesos de la universidad de Offenburg Alemania.

Resumen

The project automation of manual lathe through embedded systems has been carried out performed with the intention that the turning tool located in the laboratory of automation of the Cooperativa de Colombia University, Bogotá headquarters, be put disposition of the students to improve the training process of the same. For this reason in the first place the previous steps were carried out to carry out the project. For this case, an analysis of the objectives to be achieved during the development of the In addition, the search was carried out on the theoretical basis of the elements that were required for the work, and the selection of the electronic components that will be implemented in the project, an analysis was also carried out. Based on the above, the appropriate adjustment was made to the mechanical elements of the tool to be able to select the right elements for its proper operation, thanks to this it was possible to determine that the elements to carry out the movement of the machinery would be the stepper motors, in this case the NEMA 17, already that allowed precise movements and could also move the tool thanks to the torque that counts. Once the selection of the mechanical tools was made, we proceeded to look for a software tool that would allow the control of the motors and that in this way it will be possible to achieve the goal of having a turning tool that meets the required specifications. For this the Software "Universal G-code sender" was selected with which you could control the engines and also configure the parameters of the machine, so that in this way the work will be carried out in the best possible way. 17 Later, the control board that could be implemented in the tool was searched and that additionally be compatible with the software previously selected, this time opted for the Arduino Uno development card, since through this one the communication with the "Universal G-code sender". This was possible thanks to a firmware that works with the card called GRBL which allows to work control tools number computerized The selection of the Arduino Uno allowed that one of several drivers could be made and shields, as they are the Shield CNC V3 and the A4988 drivers, which allowed a handling of the engines in such a way that they allowed the "Universal G-code sender" to send information to the arduino and this in turn through the drivers will make the movement of several engines at once, which helps with the computational savings for the machine. Eventually to achieve the goal of being able to design pieces based on models three-dimensional, it was thought to choose a software, in which the design and this in turn will generate the codes with which the machine would work. These codes are known as "G code or G-code", for this the software "BOBCAD-CAM" was selected V31 ", which allowed to design a piece in 2D and later the visualization of it in 3D, likewise it allowed configurations in the piece so that the machine can perform the whole process. This design software also had the tool to generate the G-codes that would load on the control board and allow control of the engines, to achieve the piece desired.