Publicación:

Diseño y aplicación de un manual para evaluar la deglución y el rendimiento masticatorio

Resumen

The stomatognathic system fulfills, among others, the vital functions related to each other: swallowing and chewing. The evaluation of these two functions is of great clinical interest in dentistry. Objective: To elaborate a manual that describes a method of quantitative evaluation of masticatory performance and one of diagnosis of swallowing, distinguishing between normal and atypical. Materials and methods: A study was carried out with a qualitative-quantitative approach, with a mixed method; two techniques were developed, a document to collect the information of the procedures and another observation to quantify the data and apply a statistical analysis. Methods of evaluation of masticatory performance (Albert T) and deglutition (Payne technique) were selected, these were applied in a pilot sample of 27 patients (11 men and 16 women) with an age range of 5 to 40 years. The patients who published swallowing were analyzed with the masticatory performance method applying the modified Rosin-Rammler equation to know the median particle size (MTP) of each individual evaluated. Results: The manual was made based on two procedures, one with the diagnosis of swallowing and another with masticatory performance, which was applied to the sample, resulting in a median total particle size of MTP = 5.35 mm2. There was a statistically significant difference between sexes (MTP in men: 6.0 mm2 and women 5.1 mm2), with men presenting the best masticatory performance. Conclusion: The manual verified in 27 patients is viable, applicable and reproducible in dentistry.