Publicación: Estudio de asociación entre la mezcla genética y las maloclusiones
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Latino population exhibits an increased prevalence of malocclusion. It is known that malocclusions are related to ethnicity as follows: Class III is more present in Asians, Class I in Africans and Class II in Caucasians. Our aim was to determine the relationship between malocclusion and admixture proportions in a sample from Antioquia ‐ Colombia. A cross‐sectional study was conducted with a sample of 172 unrelated individuals with skeletal diagnosis of malocclusion (57 with Class I, 65 Class II and 50 Class III) based on intermaxillary measurements (ANB‐WITS) from cephalic lateral radiographs. Patients were genotyped for 20 autosomal Ancestry Informative Markers by conventional PCR. Autosomal admixture proportions were estimated by ADMIXMAP v 3.8 (a program for modeling population admixture with genotype data) assuming Hardy‐Weinberg equilibrium. The average admixture proportions for the entire population was: 67% European, 11% African and 22% Native American, which is in accordance to our previous ancestry studies in the same area. Data were analyzed by Kruskal‐Wallis test, showing no statistically significant difference between the malocclusion types regarding to ancestry proportions (P>0•05). So, there was no evidence to support an association of the ethnic with a particular Class of malocclusion, probably because of low heritability of cephalometric measures used and most important the lack of cephalometric standardized measures for the admixed population in order to enable a better and more accurate diagnosis of malocclusions. The complexity of malocclusion’s phenotype is attributed to genetics and environment, and also involves some clinical aspects such as molar and canine relationships, occlusal characteristics like overjet and overbite, which must be taken into account. Further studies should include others cephalometric measures more heritable such as the anterior and posterior base skull, cranial flexion angle (NS‐Ar), anterior and posterior facial height and jaw position, to find out straight relationship with ancestry.