Publicación:

Fundamentos y métodos para la dilución y congelación de semen en Bovinos

Resumen

Sperm preservation is one of the most important advances in reproductive technologies for bovine males developed on last time, that allow the development of reproductive biotechnologies as artificial insemination. The objective of this work is to include the main methods of Sperm dilution and cryopreservation in cattle. Seminal preservation can occur at physiological temperatures, or lower temperatures such as refrigeration and freezing. A responsible for semen preservation are diluents that promote sperm survival and the ejaculate extension. Traditional diluents are skimmed milk and egg yolk, however currently exist TRIS based that allow the development of modern diluents. Sperm freezing or cryopreservation is one of the most important preservation techniques since it allows storing prolonged sperm without any effect on sperm metabolism, and include processes that include from sperm dilution to sperm freezing. During sperm freezing there are important substances as cryoprotectants, that favor the sperm not suffer negative effects during the freezing process, as intracellular ice crystals formation, damage to DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) and sperm membrane, which compromise its functionality after thawing. The most important cryoprotector in bovine sperm freezing is glycerol. Sperm preservation in cattle evolves rapidly and the development of new diluents and new cryopreservation protocols allow fertility in bovine production systems, as well as in breeds at risk of extinction be maintained at adequate levels.