Publicación: Análisis sistemático de la literatura eficacia de la terapia cognitiva conductual en pacientes diagnosticados con depresión
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Depression is an illness that affects more than 300 million people, which when converted into a percentage would be approximately 4.5% of the world's population, making it a public health problem (WHO, 2020). Therefore, it can be inferred that depression contributes significant numbers to the global morbidity rate. Depression is part of the mood disorders and is characterized by generating feelings of sadness, pessimism, guilt, uselessness, fatigue, irritability, alterations in the sleep cycle or appetite, difficulty concentrating, loss of interest in activities that were pleasurable and problems relating to other people, these aspects presented in a chronic manner can lead a person to end his or her own life (Pan American Health Organization [PAHO] and World Health Organization [WHO], 2017). It is relevant to clarify that the above refers to depressive disorders in general, however, this systematic analysis of the literature will focus on major depressive disorder describing its diagnosis and the different effective treatments based on cognitive behavioral psychological therapy, how also a theoretical approach of mood disorders is made. That is why it is important to open a space for the review of scientific papers that provide information, which allows to determine the most effective techniques for patients with this disorder in order to achieve an improvement in the quality of life of both families and patients themselves.