Publicación:

Cambios en el rendimiento masticatorio con el tratamiento de ortodoncia y ortopedia maxilar

Resumen

Dental malocclusion occupies the third most prevalent place in the pathologies of the stomatognathic system, it is one of the most frequent reasons for consultation in orthodontics and orthopedics; the relationship between malocclusion and chewing has been widely studied, because the chewing process is a complex task influenced by factors with a great impact on people's quality of life; To evaluate the degree of crushing of food, chewing performance has been used, which has made it possible to demonstrate how the masticatory function is affected by dental malocclusions, especially in the masticatory process, because these patients do not crush food in a adequate, so it generates higher energy expenditure at the gastric level, leading to gastrointestinal disorders, obesity and heart problems, among others. A bibliographic review was carried out in Spanish and English, between the years 2010 to 2020, in various sources of digital information and bibliographic databases such as Sciencie direct, Pubmed, Cochrane library, Proquest and the academic Google search engine, in which the advanced search strategy. The present analysis covered 19 publications, exploring changes in chewing performance after orthodontic and maxillary orthopedic treatment. Based on the literature review, it can be stated that the chewing performance is influenced by the type of malocclusion; the activity of the chewing muscles during mastication is less coordinated in class III malocclusion than in class II malocclusion; Orthodontic and maxillary orthopedic treatments balance the musculoskeletal structures during their masticatory function and therefore improve masticatory performance.