Publicación:

Relación entre la amelogenina y predisposición genetica a la caries dental: monografía

Resumen

Dental caries in a chronic non-communicable disease of multifactorial origin associated with various local, social and genetic conditions. It originates from the results of environmental disturbances of the microbial habitat and genetic alterations in the formation of tooth enamel. OBJECTIVE: To describe the relationship between amelogenin and the predisposition to the development of dental caries. METHOD: A narrative monograph was made with a search for information related to the research topic. The search was carried out with the selection of keywords and the use of boléanos, collecting information from the selected articles in Excel. RESULTS: The gene (AMELX) is located on the short arm of the X chromosome, this gene is in charge of producing the amelogenin protein, being one of the most abundant in the formation of dental enamel, the functions of the amelogenin protein are controls the growth of apatite crystals, their morphology and orientation, mutations in the AMELX gene generate alterations in the amelogenin protein that in turn produces alterations in the formation of dental enamel. CONCLUSIONS: According to the literature reviewed, AMELX is the most important factor for the development of normal enamel and different genetic variants in the amelogenin gene (AMELX) cause mineralization defects and congenital disorders such as amelogenesis imperfecta. Therefore, some researchers suggest that genetic variations contribute to structural changes in enamel and may create more levels of mineral loss, bacterial spread, or biofilm deposition.