Asociación entre productos de uso frecuente para la higiene oral en caninos y la reducción de los microorganismos presentes en boca

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this research is to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of four products frequently used in canine oral hygiene over microorganisms of dental biofilm. Materials: For the present study 13 oral samples were taken to 13 canines from Medellin, at Belen Rincon neighbourhood with no exclusion credits against the breed of the canine. Method: The dental biofilm sample were taken of the canine tooth at the level of the cervical area of the selected dogs with a sterile dental spoon. After taking the sample, the biofilm were transferred twice to a 1 µL sterile calibrated loop, until obtaining a final volume of 2 µL. The sample were deposited into an Eppendorf tube that contains 500 µL of 0,9% saline solution and three glass beads to disaggregate the dental biofilm. For the preparation of the inoculum, each of the samples was vortexed for 45s in order to brake the microbial conglomerate of the biofilm and generate a turbidity in the slightly visible sample similar to 0.5 in the McFarland scale, which is equivalent to a cell density of 1-2 x 108 UFC/ml (Colony Forming Units per mililiter). The inoculums of the biofilm samples of each canine were spread on microscope slides with a sterile bacteriological loop. Subsequently, heat fixation and differential Gram staining were performed. Results: Of the four rinses evaluated, it was evidenced that those with chlorhexidine as the main component were more effective than the others. In addition, from the 13 samples analysed, different bacteria were isolated such as: bacilli, cocci, tremonemas, mixed structures and hairy structures, where the greater proportion were Gram negative bacilli. Conclusion: It was proved that the pathogenic bacteria involved in periodontal lesions in canines are the Gram negative anaerobic bacteria. In addition, these bacteria facilitate the exacerbated growth of opportunistic pathogens. There were founded in a greater proportion of elongated structures such as bacilli, followed by rounded structures such as cocci and in a greater proportion structures such as treponemes.