Publicación: “Ser Víctima”, “Violencia Sociopolítica” y “Paz”: lo que piensan los habitantes de una zona implicada en el asunto
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Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Psicología, Barrancabermeja
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Barrancabermeja has experienced the violent expressions of the sociopolitical conflict, and its effects: the phenomenon of having been simultaneously emitter and receiver of displaced people is observed. Its inhabitants have generated a way of thinking, based on their reading of the phenomenon of violence, which would be related to their attitude and perception towards peace processes. How do the inhabitants of Barrancabermeja perceive themselves as victims? What are their conceptions about sociopolitical violence and about peace? With the aim of describing the conceptions of "sociopolitical violence", "being a victim" and "peace" in the inhabitants of Barrancabermeja, a questionnaire was applied to 146 people who have lived in Barrancabermeja or another municipality of Magdalena Medio region in the last 10 years, or more than half of their life, of legal age, and who expressed their consent to participate in the study (108 women, 38 men, average age 25.79 years) using the natural semantic networks technique. The terms most associated with "sociopolitical violence" (J = 249) were "corruption" (39%), "abuse" (19%), "violation of rights" (18%), "society" (13%) and "policy"(10%). For "being a victim" (J = 225), the results were: "vulnerable" (28%), "abuse" (27%), "violence" (22%), "pain" (18%) and "suffering" (14%). "Peace" (J = 176) was mostly associated with "tranquility" (67%), "harmony" (33%), "love" (28.8%), "respect" (24%) and "freedom" (14%). There is a greater group consensus towards "peace" than to "socio-political violence" and "being a victim". The J values and percentage of the top words indicate that the higher production in these last two concepts, rather than a "conceptual wealth", could mean disparity in their understanding. The concepts associated to "peace" indicate its perception as a subjective dimension: four of the five top words refer to emotions or personal states, and only one to the relationship with others (respect). In "sociopolitical violence" the conceptualization does meet the other, but the terms presented are not necessarily antonyms of those of "peace".