Publicación:

Funciones ejecutivas de niños y adolescentes: una revisión de estudios de las implicaciones del Bullying

Resumen

This study consists of the importance of these executive functions in the school environment and how they influence the academic outcome, without neglecting the deterioration of these, due to bullying situations that often occur in institutions. The objective of this research is to identify and analyze the process of the executive functions that have been reported by the institutions, to know the most frequent consequences in the victims, to identify the most affected executive functions, because of this we worked with a methodology based on a systematic review, where different types of research were taken into account, such as qualitative, quantitative and a cross-sectional review, we worked only with child population. Different sources of information were taken into account, including articles, books and theses. According to the results obtained, it was identified that the main consequence is suicidal ideation, followed by anxiety and depression, on the other hand, among the most affected executive functions in the aggressors is decision making, followed by the low inhibitory control presented by the students, and a low cognitive flexibility that affects low school performance, in relation to the executive functions compromised in the victims of bullying, a deficit in response inhibition, working memory, initiative taking and task completion was identified. It can be concluded that these aggressive behaviors directly affect the students deteriorating the quality of life of each one, thus decreasing the self-esteem and security of the students who are victims of this phenomenon and may have consequences that could be a risk for the life of each one.