Publicación: Estrés y factores de riesgo cardiovascular en trabajadores de diferentes perfiles ocupacionales
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Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) were the main causes of deaths worldwide in 2016, 17.9 million people died from this group of diseases, which constitutes more than 31% of deaths globally. There are factors that contribute to the appearance of CVD, such as stress or workload, that have not been clearly related to the occurrence of such an event. Stress in the worker is defined as a harmful psychobiological response that occurs when people are not able to adapt to some situation that their environment offers. Objective: To determine the prevalence of stress and cardiovascular risk factors in workers with different occupational profiles. Methodology: Study of quantitative approach, narrative review of the literature. The descriptors MESH and DECS were selected, and formulas were constructed, which were included for a broad search in the different institutional databases and later open databases. The search yielded in total 10102 articles of which were included for full text reading 70 and for analysis 40 articles. Results: The average age of the participants ranged from 40 to 50 years, with more males than females (40 to 65% and 35 to 57% respectively). There is a higher proportion of work-related stress in administrative staff (23.9 per cent) than in teachers (26.6 per cent), with a prevalence in both groups ranging from 13 to 36 per cent. Workers reported working hours greater than 50 hours per week. Conclusion: Several authors agreed that workers in productive age between 40 and 50 years with the general population, present similarities in the presence of comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, overweight and obesity. The literature review suggests that the high demand for work and the stress generated in the work environment, favours the emergence of inappropriate lifestyles.