Publicación:

Actualidad en ginecologìa y obstetricia en bovinos

Resumen

Bovine reproduction is an area of veterinary medicine important to maintain female and male sanitary and health state. Veterinary assistance in cattle herds avoids the reduction of births, alterations of estrous cycle, alterations in seminal quality, reproductive diseases, subfertility and infertility, which takes time losses that reflect on farmer profitability. Cows are polyestric animals with an average of 21 days, with of two phases, follicular and luteal. Estrous cycle is regulated by hypothalamus, pituitary, ovaries and uterus hormones. These hormones act through a positive and negative feedback system. The clinical examination of the female reproductive system allow find anatomical defects or diseases based on estrous cycle stage, determining a clear reproductive status of herd. It is important to data management including of reproductive history, nulliparous or multiparous reproductive status, parity and lactation, births, hormonal treatments and vaccines. Gynecological exam includes different inspection methods for both the female health status and the optimal functional status of their reproductive system. Also, is important to include an evaluation of environmental, nutritional and behavioral factors. Abortions and embryo losses are influenced by infectious agents as bacteria, virus, protozoa and fungal. For this reason, gynecological and obstetric care is very important to maintain a healthy and economically reproductive status in the cattle herd.