Publicación:

Factores influyentes en la educación sexual y conductas de riesgo en niños y adolescentes. Una revisión sistemática

Resumen

General purpose. Identify the risk factors that influence irresponsible sexual conduct in child’s, girls and teenagers and the relationship that have the sexual education that receive the subjects in their different contexts. Methods. Systematic literature review with articles published in English, Spanish and Portuguese carried out in the American continent between 2010 and 2020 on sex education and the factors that influence risk behaviors. The search was performed in four electronic databases: Scopus; Taylor & Francis Group; Science Direct and Proquest Psychology Database. Results. Based on the PRISMA methodology, 10 full text revised scientific articles were obtained for analysis and those that did not meet the inclusion criteria were excluded. Five factors were identified that affect the processes of sexual development, mostly in young people: family, school, social, biological, political and religious, with the latter showing the greatest influence in reducing sexual risk behavior. A greater receptivity to issues of sexuality was found in school contexts. Conclusions. The population that prevails in the exposed factors are the adolescents between 12 and 17 years old, these factors play an important role within the integral development of the sexuality in children and adolescents, however, this population is exposed to behaviors of risk that can be due to the lack of sexual education. It is suggested that interdisciplinary programmes be implemented that focus primarily on the promotion and prevention of sexual and reproductive health.