Publicación: Perspectivas, usos y complicaciones, del uso de la terapia de hemodiálisis en pequeños animales
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Kidney disease, as well as kidney injury, have considerable veterinary medical importance in animals because they can affect their daily living conditions, being found more frequently in dogs and cats. In general, veterinary, as well as trainees in training in the area of veterinary medicine, have limited therapeutic elements at their disposal, including fluid therapy and some medications with cardiovascular effects with varying effectiveness that may affect kidney function, in addition to the market food can observe a series of medical diets that contribute to improving the quality of life of the patient. In the particular context of acute kidney injury, diuretics can also be a therapeutic alternative serving as palliative therapy, however, whatever the intended scenario, extrarenal purification remains the most appropriate response to loss of function kidney excretion. The increasing development of extrarenal purification techniques in veterinary medicine and their greater application in the veterinary emergency services allow to expand the therapeutic possibilities in critically cared patients, to provide support to renal functionality during a vital period, which is why there are two extrarenal purification strategies: firstly, hemodialysis where blood purification is carried out through an artificial membrane, which requires access to blood flow and extracorporeal circulation. Two second strategy consists of peritoneal dialysis where exchanges take place through the peritoneum consist of peritoneum, without vascular access which is called dialysis, hence the importance of knowing the techniques, applications, advantages and disadvantages in order to make a correct choice. These knowledge are prerequisites that will allow us to address the fields of application of this type of therapy in companion animals, especially before considering any of the extrarenal purification strategies to be adapted to these species. For this, a review of the existing literature written over the last fifteen years will be made in the most relevant academic search engines; Escopus, Tesaurus, Google Scholar, Redalyc and Scielo as the most common.