Publicación: Evaluación neuropsicológica en niños con malnutrición
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Malnutrition is an abnormal physiological condition caused by insufficient, unbalanced or excessive consumption of macronutrients that provide food energy (carbohydrates, proteins and fats) and micronutrients (vitamins and minerals) that are essential for physical growth and development. and cognitive. Objective: To carry out a systematic review of the neuropsychological evaluation instruments used in children with malnutrition. Specific objectives: 1) Describe the most important results of international studies in children with malnutrition. 2) Specify the neuropsychological assessment instruments used in children with malnutrition, obesity and overweight. And 3) Describe the most important results of national studies in children with malnutrition. Methodology: The present work is a systematic review to search for malnutrition, malnutrition and obesity. The search was limited to research published in Spanish or English, from 2009 to the present. For the initial selection it was necessary to review 120 investigations where 70 of them met the inclusion criteria. Results: Regarding the most important results at the international level, 9 investigations were selected. The Cumanin is the one that tops the list of most used instruments followed by Stroop in children with malnutrition. In children with obesity and overweight Stroop. At the national level, 22 studies were identified, but few analyzed malnutrition and neuropsychological evaluation. Conclusion: The highest percentages of research on the subject are at an international level with much more relationship between nutritional status and neuropsychological assessment instruments. It can be concluded that, with the present review of studies, not only was knowledge provided about malnutrition and how it affects cognitive processes but also about the instruments that researchers are using for their neuropsychological evaluation.