Eventos adversos relacionados con la ventilación mecánica: una revisión narrativa

Abstract

Introduction: Adverse events are unintended damages derived from health care that are related to human resources, system factors or the patient's clinical conditions. During mechanical ventilation, different adverse events occur where pneumonia causes due to different frequent germs develop in the cultures of secretions, atelectasis, accidental disconnection and unscheduled extubation. The knowledge of these and their causes allows reaching their analysis in the elaboration of quality indicators in the care of this type of patients in intensive care units. Objective: To identify in the literature the most frequent adverse events related to mechanical ventilation. Materials and methods: For the review, the databases of Scopus, science direct, VHL and the Scielo search engine were consulted. The search strategy was (“Adverse events” OR “Critical care”) AND “Mechanic ventilation”. For the verification and analysis of critical reading of the methodology quality, the CASPe formats were used. Results: Pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation is the greatest risk faced by patients connected to mechanical ventilation, the most prevalent infection in intensive care units and the main cause of death due to in-hospital infection. Conclusions: During the narrative review, pneumonia was found as the most common cause, which, for its hygiene measures and timely treatment for the prevention of pneumonia, all this in order to reduce morbidity and mortality and continuous improvement.