Publicación:

Implicaciones emocionales del abuso sexual infantil y las posibles intervenciones

Resumen

Child sexual abuse is not a new problem, but one of the forms of child abuse that accompanied the development of man throughout its history. It appears in literature, in the cinema and frequently in news stories. It is the most hidden of abuse and the least known, both in the legal and social medical environment. (Rodríguez López, Aguiar Gigato, & García Álvarez, 2012). The studies are alarming, since many of the cases are unknown since the perpetrator maintains an authoritarian and threatening stance towards the minor, producing fear in the minor and therefore the situation is sometimes maintained for long periods of time until the done. The psychological consequences that generate this fact can be maintained during the evolutionary cycle of the victim, some of them are not evident in childhood, but appear in adulthood. According to López 1993 cited by (Rodríguez López, Aguiar Gigato, & Garcia Alvarez, 2012) there are variables that can influence the development of psychological problems in victims of child sexual abuse such as the dysfunctional family environment, although most studies continue to confirm a direct relationship between the experience of sexual abuse and the subsequent development of psychological problems. The most used therapies for the psychological treatment of sexual abuse are individual and group therapies with a psychodynamic and psychoanalytic approach; cognitive behavioral therapies that use techniques such as systematic desensitization, flooding, cognitive restructuring, among others; pharmacotherapy with the predominant use of antidepressants and anxiolytics; and, alternative therapies with therapeutic modalities such as neurolinguistic programming, focus groups, writing therapies and therapies with gender approaches, Vallejo & Córdoba, (2012).