Publicación:

Evaluación de los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas para la prevención y control del dengue en el distrito de Santa Marta

Resumen

Introduction: In the city of Santa Marta; Bastidas, is the locality with the highest rates of dengue. It is subject to constant outbreaks of this disease and there is no clear reduction in the incidence of the district's annual epidemiological reports. Objective: This formative research using a knowledge, attitudes and practices survey (CAP), aims to identify the knowledge, attitudes and collective practices of the selected participants, in relation to the ways of controlling dengue in the context of life premises in the town Bastidas de Santa Marta. Methodology: The research had a quantitative, observational and transversal (cut) approach. The reference population included 1,278 homes in the town of Bastidas de Santa Marta for a period of 8 months from September 2017 to April 2018. According to the Guidelines for entomological surveillance and control of dengue, a rapid sampling was established as a method to estimate the number of homes for the routine survey of aedic indexes, whose sample size was 12.78 homes and was extended to 71 homes in order to improve coverage and try to decrease the random selection error, therefore, the sample corresponds to 71 homes. Two surveys were applied, one that measured the sociodemographic, socioeconomic, and general information of the dwellings and their inhabitants, and another that inquired about the knowledge, attitudes and practices (CAP) on dengue. Results: 71 surveys were analyzed, most of the respondents were women, with a high coverage of health system affiliation of the respondents. The largest proportion of dwellings were inhabited between 1 and 4 people. The knowledge about dengue is scarce in the people surveyed, with little participation in prevention campaigns. The main factors associated with the presence of dengue found are living near a disposal site of unusable, storage and control of water in the housing deficient, implementation of prevention activities and control of dengue in their homes are scarce, and knowledge of the precautions that a patient with dengue must have, the inhabitants say they feel prepared to take care of a case of dengue if it occurs in their family. Conclusions: the knowledge, attitudes and practices of the inhabitants ratify the high incidence in cases of dengue in this locality. Knowledge about dengue is scarce and practices are adopted that favor the presence and development of dengue in its inhabitants