Publicación: Venom from Opisthacanthus elatus scorpion of Colombia, could bemore hemolytic and less neurotoxic than thought
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We report the first biochemical, biological, pharmacological and partial proteomic characterizationstudies of the Opisthancanthus elatus venom (Gervais, 1844) from Colombia. The Reverse Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography venom profile showed 28 main well-defined peaks, most elutingbetween 20 and 45 min (18–30% of acetonitrile, respectively). High-resolution mass analysis indicatesthe presence of 106 components ranging from 806.59742 Da to 16849.4139 Da. O. elatus venom showedhemolytic activity and hydrolyzed the specific substrate BapNa suggesting the presence of proteins withserine-protease activity. Collected RP-HPLC fractions eluting at 52.6, 55.5, 55.8, 56.2, and 63.9 min (PLA2region between 33 and 40% of acetonitrile), showed hemolytic activity and hydrolyzed the synthetic sub-strate 4-nitro-3-octanoyloxy-benzoic acid, indicating the presence of compounds with phospholipasesA2activity. These RP-HPLC fractions, showed molecular masses values up to 13978.19546 Da, corroborat-ing the possible presence of the mentioned enzymes. Tryptic digestion and MS/MS analysis showed thepresence of a phospholipase like fragment, similar to on described in other Opisthacanthus genus studies.No coagulant activity was observed. No larvicidal or antimicrobial activity was observed at concentra-tions evaluated. Lethal and toxic activity is expected at doses above 100 mg/kg, no neurotoxic effects weredetected at lower doses. In conclusion, O. elatus exhibits a venom with a predominant phospholipase A2activity than thought; mammal’s neurotoxic activity is expected above the 100 mg/kg, which is very highcompared to the venom from other neurotoxic scorpions.