Publicación:

Enfermedad mixomatosa de la válvula mitral; manejo clínico y plan terapéutico del paciente canino, revisión sistemática.

Resumen

Myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) is the most important cardiac pathology in dogs. MMVD represents between 70% and 75% of all heart diseases in canines, considered an important cause of morbidity and mortality in this species. Objective: To synthesize the information regarding the current clinical management and pharmacotherapies for the prevention and / or treatment of the signs associated with MMVD, determining the appropriate moment to begin these interventions. Methods: Systematic review of literature. It was developed in five phases: Design of the search protocol; Search for articles in databases; Selection of articles according to inclusion and exclusion criteria; Design of investigative and methodological protocol; Extraction and compilation of the content to answer the research question. Results: 241 related studies were obtained, 73 selected according to the established criteria. 40% are articles related to clinical management, 31% pharmacotherapies and 29% articles related to generalities of the disease. Discussion and conclusions: The integrated studies reported improvements in clinical and pharmacological management. The procedures for the definitive diagnosis continue to maintain the thoracic radiography and two-dimensional echocardiography, color Dopple and M-mode, together with the introduction of other imaging modalities, such as Tissue Doppler, deformation / deformation velocity image and Speckle Tracking. According to the documents used in this study, it is suggested that the ACVIM classification to establish adequate pharmacotherapy for the patient. This review summarizes the current veterinary literature and proposes a guide for the medical management of patients with MMVD.