Ciencias de la salud

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Contenidos producidos por la comunidad de la Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia. Incluye temas relacionados con enfermería, epidemiología, medicina, odontología, ortodoncia, ortopedia funcional, periodoncia y oseointegración. Está conformada por trabajos de grado, artículos, imágenes, documentos de trabajo, recursos educativos digitales, libros, capítulos de libros, ponencias, webinars, videos, lecturas críticas, reportes de investigación, consultorías, guías y experiencias significativas.

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Adherencia a guías de práctica clínica de los trastornos hipertensivos del embarazo en relación con la morbilidad materna extrema, en una Empresa Promotora de Salud de Barranquilla
(Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Especialización en Epidemiología, Santa Marta, 2017) Ahumada Anaya, Martha Patricia; Buendía Mendoza, Jairo De Jesús; Reyes Rios, Luz Angela
The term adherence refers to the voluntary and alliance commitment between the specialist and the pregnant woman with the aim of achieving the desired preventive or therapeutic result. Adherence is a complex and multifactorial phenomenon that includes three specific components: acceptance of the recommendation of health professionals (the pregnant woman agrees), observance of the prescription (the pregnant woman uses the medication as suggested) and persistence (the degree in which the pregnant woman follows the prescription over time).
Caracterizaciòn de la Mortalidad en pacientes con infección por VIH/SIDA en la ciudad de Santa Marta, Magdalena
(Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Especialización en Epidemiología, Santa Marta, 2020) Farelo Sánchez, Elmer Enrique; Montero Pacheco, Jenniffer; Pérez Alvis, Mariam; Reyes Rios, Luz Angela
Infection by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus since its discovery around 1980, has caused the death of approximately 35 million people and is still a great problem for public health. Objective: To evaluate mortality in patients with HIV / AIDS infection in the city of Santa Marta in the period 2016 to 2018. Methodology: It is a quantitative, descriptive field and retrospective study, which used primary and secondary sources from the records of the books from the Analysis Units of the healthcare centers in the area and databases provided by Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística, identifying some variables that make up the profile, characteristics and behavior of mortality. Results: A higher mortality was found in the male gender, with no tendency to a decrease in the cases of mortality in said period, the majority of deaths occur within a healthcare center / hospital, the most frequent marital status is single, in age group Between 28-39 years it is the most affected, with predominant pathologies related to the respiratory tract (tuberculosis and pneumonia), and half of them were adhering to antiretroviral treatment. Conclusions: Few variations were found in comparison with national statistics and local reports of other populations in Colombia, and also few differences with other Latin American countries; However, the lack of a rigorous registration system is highlighted, since no important information was found, such as in some variables such as marital status, educational level, and occupation in some of the mortality records.
Caracterización epidemiológica de Infecciones Asociadas a Dispositivos en hospital del Caribe colombiano, 2018-2019
(Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Especialización en Epidemiología, Santa Marta, 2019) Pardo Jaramillo, José Roberto; Torres, Emy Shylena
Introduction: device-associated infections are a serious problem in patients in intensive care units, causing increased morbidity, mortality, and the socioeconomic costs associated with care. Objective: to determine the epidemiological characteristics of device-associated infections that occurred in the period from January 2018 to August 2019. Materials and methods: a descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study was conducted in the intensive care units of a highly complex hospital center in Santa Marta (Magdalena), Colombia. The information was obtained from the notification sheets (INS Code 357) of the National Public Health Surveillance System (SIVIGILA). The relative and absolute frequencies of the study variables were determined in the SPSS® v22 program. Results: 47 patient cases were found, of which 60% were women and the most frequent age group, those over 55 years (47%); the majority belonged to the subsidized health regime (72%), 9% were migrants and 6% were pregnant. Catheter-associated bloodstream infection was the most prevalent (49%) and 100% of the patients suffered from some comorbidity. The blood sample (49%) and S. aureus (18.2%) were the most common type of clinical sample and microorganism, respectively. The average days of use of mechanical ventilator, central catheter and urinary catheter were 7, 11 and 10 days, respectively. The prevalence of STI-AC (49%) and ISTU-AC (36%) was found to exceed the national average (47.5% and 28.9%, respectively). Central catheter-associated bloodstream infection had the highest incidence rate with 8.8 per 1000 device days in 2018 and 6 cases per 1000 device days in the months studied for 2019. Conclusion: the implementation of an effective Infection Control Program that reduces the incidence of ADI cases is demanding.
Complicaciones cardiovasculares precedidas por hipertensión arterial en el Hospital Fernando Troconis de Santa Marta, Magdalena
(Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Posgrado, Programa de Especialización en Epidemiología, Santa Marta, Colombia, 00000, 2016-05) Baron Duque, Tatiana Milena; Flórez Díaz, Vianeys Patricia; Zambrano Guardiola, Eduardo Enrique; García Jiménez, Ana Julieth
Objetivo: Identificar las complicaciones cardiovasculares precedidas por hipertensión arterial en una población de pacientes con alteraciones cardiovasculares que se encuentren hospitalizados en unidades de cuidado intensivo y salas generales en el Hospital Universitario Fernando Troconis de Santa Marta, Magdalena. Método: estudio descriptivo transversal, con un enfoque cuantitativo, desarrollado con 81 pacientes. Los datos fueron recolectados utilizando un cuestionario validado; se inicia con datos de los antecedentes de la hipertensión arterial, luego los datos sociodemográficos del usuario, posteriormente con el motivo de ingreso y por último el diagnostico actual. Para el análisis de los datos se empleó el software epi info 7. Resultados: 68% de la población estudio refirieron ser hipertensos, de los cuales el 21% asistían regularmente a los controles de hipertensión arterial. La mayor prevalencia de complicaciones cardiovasculares precedidas por hipertensión arterial son las cardiopatías con el 38%, seguido de la ECV isquémica con el 29%, la insuficiencia cardiaca congestiva con el 18% y las de menor prevalencia es la angina inestable y el infarto agudo de miocardio. La encuesta reflejo que las características sociodemográficas en la población objeto no tienen mayor relevancia en los factores de riesgo cardiovascular. Conclusiones: el presente estudio ha demostrado la alta prevalencia de complicaciones cardiovasculares precedidas en pacientes con hipertensión arterial, lo que permite reducir en el futuro la morbilidad y mortalidad por enfermedad cardiovascular, mediante un adecuado seguimiento a los hipertensos, siendo esta el principal factor de riesgo en los pacientes objetos de estudio.
Comportamiento de la progresión de la enfermedad renal en pacientes con diabetes mellitus en una IPS de primer nivel
(Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Posgrado, Especialización en Epidemiología, Santa Marta, 2020) Peralta Arzuaga, Marly Marina; Bravo Ibarra, Jalieht Aliana; Campo Torregroza, Etilvia
Diabetic Kidney Disease because of its adverse health effects can have significant consequences in the patient with diabetes mellitus. Objective: to analyze the behavior of the progression of the renal disease in patients with diabetes mellitus. Methodology: descriptive, longitudinal, quantitative study of 180 cases between January 2014 and December 2016 of the precursor disease program, which meet the clinical history parameters of the guidelines proposed by the organization Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) 2013 and which are being carried out in a Health Services Provider Institution (IPS) in the city of Valledupar, Colombia. The renal function was analyzed, determining the beginning of the damage and its progression taking into account the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR), the consequent staging according to the criteria of the guide (KDIGO) (3) evidencing a significant progression in the study period. Results: The average GFR for the study period was 86.16 ml/min (95% Confidence Interval [CI] ± 82.34, 89.99). Compared to 2014, the average decrease in GFT in patients was 11.61 ml/min (95% CI ± 10.3, 12.92), additionally, 61.7% presented an advance in CKD stages. Conclusion: The CKD scenario is not a very good prognosis since it is distinguished by short evolution times between each stage and starts acting when the disease is in advanced stages where there are less probabilities of delaying the progression of kidney damage.
Comportamiento de los factores clínico-epidemiológicos en pacientes con tuberculosis pulmonar en las localidades del sur de Bogotá
(Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Especialización en Epidemiología, Santa Marta, 2022-08-01) Villa Lara, Libeth Johanna; Redondo Rocha, Eilyn Yohana; Isaza Lozano, Laura Milena; Pabón Varela, Yadira
Comportamiento epidemiológico de las enfermedades transmitidas por alimentos (ETA) en el departamento de Sucre durante el período 2012-2015
(Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Posgrado, Programa de Especialización en Epidemiología, Santa Marta, Colombia, 00000, 2016-05) De la Hoz Gómez, Erika Andrea; Paba Osorio, Baldir; González, Gisela
Introducción: Se analizó y evaluó el comportamiento de los casos individuales y brotes epidémicos de las Enfermedades Transmitidas por los Alimentos en el Departamento de Sucre en los últimos 4 años. Se comparó el número de brotes, así como el total de casos individuales afectados en los diferentes años y entre los diferentes municipios del departamento; también se identificaron algunos agentes causales productores de estas enfermedades, los lugares de ocurrencia y los factores que han contribuido o propiciado la aparición de estos brotes. Metodología: La información se obtuvo a partir del Sistema de Vigilancia Epidemiológica SIVIGILA para las Enfermedades Transmitidas por los Alimentos (ETA), que se recolecto a partir de un análisis retrospectivo durante el año 2012 hasta 2015 y a partir de esa fecha el Departamento de Sucre fue priorizado para la Vigilancia Intensificada de las ETAs, debido a la alta frecuencia en la notificación de casos y brotes asociados, también es de obligatorio cumplimiento el estudio de todo brote notificado o detectado por cada municipio del Departamento. Resultados: Los principales alimentos involucrados resultaron ser el queso, agua y arroz cocido mixto. El lugar de consumo con mayor frecuencia fue el hogar, otros lugares como ventas ambulantes y tienda de barrios y por ultimo los establecimientos educativos ocuparon el tercer lugar. Los microorganismos mas predominantes en las ETA, fueron Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus y Salmonella spp. Conclusiones: Se determinó que el Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli y Salmonella spp fueron los agentes causales de los casos asociados a brote de las ETAs, y que el tiempo prolongado entre elaboración y consumo de alimentos incluyendo la manipulación y fuente común como el agua no segura son los factores más importante como causante de estas enfermedades en nuestro medio y finalmente las medidas sanitarias tomadas incluyeron educación en su totalidad y decomiso del producto implicado.
Comportamiento epidemiológico/clínico del dengue en niños en el municipio de Sincelejo, Colombia 2019
(Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Especialización en Epidemiología, Santa Marta, 2022-05) Aldana Carrasco, Leidy Marcela; Ricardo Rivera, Sandra Milena; Sánchez García, Yuris
Dengue continues to be a global public health problem due to its impact in terms of morbimortality and economic burden on health systems, with severe effects mainly in children. The objective of this study was to characterize the epidemiological and clinical behavior of dengue in children in the municipality of Sincelejo during 2019. To achieve this objective, a quantitative study of a retrospective observational descriptive type was proposed, in which the data provided by the Municipal Health Secretariat were taken and the cases of dengue and severe dengue in children aged 0 to 17 years reported in Sincelejo were extracted; the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics presented were analyzed, performing descriptive statistics with tables and graphs of frequency and cumulative percentages. In order to locate the neighborhoods with the highest incidence of cases during the year, a geospatial location of the same was performed with the QGIS v.3.8 program. As a result, it was obtained that for 2019 there were 3,611 cases of dengue in children aged 0 to 17 years, the most affected were children aged 0 to 9 years, with the clinical presentation mainly of fever, myalgias, headache and abdominal pain for dengue, and fever, drop in platelets, myalgias and abdominal pain for severe dengue. The neighborhoods with the highest incidence of cases reported were Villa Paz, Camilo Torres, Pioneros, Las Mercedes, Botero, Villa Mady, El Poblado and Puerto. Cases were also reported in townships and rural areas of the municipality of Sincelejo.
Covid 19 método epidemiológico aplicado a la salud poblacional
(Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Especialización en Epidemiología, Santa Marta, 2022-12-07) Gutierrez López, Yolis P.; Pertuz, Yolima
It must be recognized that health is a basic human right for social and economic development and promoting health as a public and private investment is essential to influence the social determinants of health and reduce inequality, the health of the population does not it is the responsibility only of the health team, but of society as a whole, and especially of each part of society.
Epidemiología de agresiones de animales en el manejo integrado de la rabia en el municipio de Santa Marta, 2012-2018.
(Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Especialización en Epidemiología, Santa Marta, 2020-02-19) Alvarez Otero, Gabriel Segundo; Mejía Ruiz, Elianis; Reyes Ríos, Luz Angela
Rabies is an acute viral infection causing encephalitis and meningoencephalitis, which affects most warm-blooded animals, including man. Objective: To analyze the epidemiological behavior of aggressions by animals in the integrated management of rabies in the municipality of Santa Marta. Materials and methods: A retrospective, descriptive and analytical study with the information reported in the program of integrated human rabies surveillance of the Ministry of Health of Colombia - SIVIGILA, for the municipality of Santa Marta, during the period 2012 - 2018. 6009 reports were used for the event code 300, file in which the attacks, contacts and exposures by animals potentially transmitting the rabies virus are reported, analyzing the different variables; animal species aggressor, age and sex of the attacked, seasonality, type of aggressions, type of injury, depth and whether it was caused or not, as well as the area of occurrence of the event. Results: In 84.92% of cases the aggressor animal was the dog, followed in 12.63% by cats; a lower number of attacks were caused by primates (0.92%), and small rodents (0.35%), the incidence rate of AAPTR per 100,000 inhabitants / year, showed a steady steady increase, in periods of 3 years. It was evidenced by grouping the cases into five-year-olds, that the greatest number of attacks occurred in two age groups: from 5 to 9 (18.44%) and from 10 to 14 years (12.78%). Unprovoked aggression occurred in a higher percentage (55.06%), as was the single (64.94%) and superficial lesion (83.49%). The highest area of occurrence for the AAPTRs was reported in the municipal seat with an average of 95.51% of the total reported cases. The event's endemic corridor showed that its behavior during the 2018 period is located within the security zone. Conclusions: The number of attacks on children and young people is an alert for the program of integrated rabies surveillance and the community of Santa Marta. The irresponsible possession of pets and wild animals, in the cities, must be intervened by the police, administrative and environmental authorities that have within their functions to guarantee the protection of both animals and human populations, because this type of possession, It is presented as a risk factor in the AAPTR.
Estado nutricional de niños y jóvenes de 0 a 18 años en IPS de Barranquilla
(Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Posgrado, Programa de Especialización en Epidemiología, Santa Marta, Colombia, 00000, 2016-11) Fuentes Vergara, Enderson Raúl; Betin López, Hector; Oyola Meyer, Olga; Expósito Concepción, María Yaquelin
El presente estudio pretende caracterizar el estado nutricional de la población de 0 a 18 años de dos IPS de la ciudad de Barranquilla, analizar el sexo y estrato más afectado, utilizando como diseño metodológico un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo. La recolección de datos se realizó a través del sistema de vigilancia nutricional implementado por la Secretaria Distrital de Barranquilla, la información que se obtuvo se vacío en un tabla Microsoft Excel y luego fueron importados al SPSS versión 22.0 generando estadística descriptiva, como frecuencias absolutas, porcentajes, desviación estándar, coeficiente de variación entre otras. Encontrando resultados como: en la distribución por sexo se observa mayor frecuencia del sexo femenino con un porcentaje de 54,6% y predominantemente la población pertenecía al estrato 1 con una frecuencia del 89,9%, en relación a las medidas antropométricas se evidencia una prevalencia del 50,8% presentando un peso adecuado para la edad, mientras que el 44,2% presentan malnutrición y riesgo de malnutrición, así mismo, la obesidad y sobrepeso constituyen un 10,1% y 8,4% respectivamente. Tras el proceso investigativo se recomienda a las autoridades de salud del Distrito de Barranquilla y de las instituciones donde se realizó este estudio realizar mayor vigilancia y educación nutricional, orientaciones oportunas y asertivas para continuar con el proceso investigativo y así establecer un diagnóstico más objetivo en cuanto al estado nutricional de la población.
Estudio de conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas sobre dengue, en el municipio de Dibulla-Guajira, corregimiento Mingueo
(Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Especialización en Epidemiología, Santa Marta, 2019) Hernandez Cervantes, Cristal; Olavarria Cotes, Audry; Mejía Chacón, Martha; Camacho, Doriam
Objective: The aim of the study was to identify health knowledge, attitudes and practices about dengue in inhabitants of a village in Guajira. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study in 202 subjects resident in a district of La Guajira; Probabilistic sampling, randomized by clusters. Results: It was evidenced that the most common level of schooling in the participants corresponds to secondary school, reaching 65% in women and 48% in men; Likewise, the university level is the lowest in the sample and only 1% of the female gender. 97% said they knew Dengue, 76% said they had received some type of information on control measures, while 17% said they had not received information. 55% identify the hatchery of the vector, compared with 16% who say they are not able to do it and 29% who do not remember how to do it. Likewise, compared to the temporality of the last 6 months, 64% have made control and elimination of vector hatcheries, while 36% have not done so. The visits of health workers have been registered in 52% of the respondents and 71% say they have approached a consultation for health care. Conclusions: It was evidenced that the community in its majority, knows the risk factors for contracting dengue, recognizes the symptoms and the control and prevention measures, which is due, mainly, to the good management carried out by health professionals in The rural area.
Evaluación de los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas para la prevención y control del dengue en el distrito de Santa Marta
(Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia,Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Especializacion en Epidemiologia, Santa Marta, 2019-01-30) Oliveros villanueva, Lilibeth; Pardo Yepes, Aries Gabriela; Parra Henao, Gabriel
Introduction: In the city of Santa Marta; Bastidas, is the locality with the highest rates of dengue. It is subject to constant outbreaks of this disease and there is no clear reduction in the incidence of the district's annual epidemiological reports. Objective: This formative research using a knowledge, attitudes and practices survey (CAP), aims to identify the knowledge, attitudes and collective practices of the selected participants, in relation to the ways of controlling dengue in the context of life premises in the town Bastidas de Santa Marta. Methodology: The research had a quantitative, observational and transversal (cut) approach. The reference population included 1,278 homes in the town of Bastidas de Santa Marta for a period of 8 months from September 2017 to April 2018. According to the Guidelines for entomological surveillance and control of dengue, a rapid sampling was established as a method to estimate the number of homes for the routine survey of aedic indexes, whose sample size was 12.78 homes and was extended to 71 homes in order to improve coverage and try to decrease the random selection error, therefore, the sample corresponds to 71 homes. Two surveys were applied, one that measured the sociodemographic, socioeconomic, and general information of the dwellings and their inhabitants, and another that inquired about the knowledge, attitudes and practices (CAP) on dengue. Results: 71 surveys were analyzed, most of the respondents were women, with a high coverage of health system affiliation of the respondents. The largest proportion of dwellings were inhabited between 1 and 4 people. The knowledge about dengue is scarce in the people surveyed, with little participation in prevention campaigns. The main factors associated with the presence of dengue found are living near a disposal site of unusable, storage and control of water in the housing deficient, implementation of prevention activities and control of dengue in their homes are scarce, and knowledge of the precautions that a patient with dengue must have, the inhabitants say they feel prepared to take care of a case of dengue if it occurs in their family. Conclusions: the knowledge, attitudes and practices of the inhabitants ratify the high incidence in cases of dengue in this locality. Knowledge about dengue is scarce and practices are adopted that favor the presence and development of dengue in its inhabitants
Factores asociados a la prevalencia de la tuberculosis en La Guajira, 2014-2017
(Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Especialización en Epidemiología, Santa Marta, 2018) González Mestra, Gelineth Derine; Morew Quintana, Edi Leonor; Espinosa Aguilar, Anibal
Objetivos: El objetivo es determinar la correlación entre los factores relacionados con la prevalencia de la TB en el Departamento de La Guajira en los años 2014-2017. Material y método: se realizó un estudio correlacional de corte transversal retrospectivo, se tuvo en cuenta los principales factores asociados relacionados con la prevalencia en pacientes diagnosticados con Tuberculosis. El universo de estudio quedó constituido por 1165 pacientes notificados al Sistema de Vigilancia en Salud Pública en el periodo del 2014 al 2017 en el departamento de la Guajira, Colombia, y a través de un muestreo no probabilístico intencional por criterios se selecciona una muestra de 990 pacientes. Los datos fueron tomados del sistema de vigilancia del departamento y el libro de paciente de Tuberculosis. Resultados: En el análisis de las características demográficas y socio culturales de la población se encontró que la edad con mayor número de casos de TB sensible es 19 a 45 años con 48.28%, predominando el sexo femenino con 50.81%, con mayor presencia en zona urbana 53.06%; la pertenencia étnica con mayor número de casos es la Indigena 62.42% con tuberculosis sensible, La tuberculosis sensible de tipo pulmonar predomina ante la extrapulmonar con 88.9 %, la mayoría de los casos con TB analizados son clasificados como nuevos 91.92%. De acuerdo a la prevalencia de las comorbilidades en los pacientes diagnosticados con TB se encontró que el 1.79 % equivalente a cuatro casos presentaban Diabetes Mellitus y Enfermedad renal. El análisis de la comorbilidad de VIH se calculó con base a 131 paciente, ya que solo estos presentaban los resultados de esta prueba, de los cuales el 2.29 % equivalentes a 3 casos eran positivos para VIH. Se encontró una asociación de que los niños desnutridos tienen 2.66 veces más probabilidad de tuberculosis extra pulmonar, con un intervalo de confianza de 0.39 - 18.16. De acuerdo a la remunera se encontró que los pacientes no remunerados (no reciben ningún pago salarial) tienen un 1.36 veces probabilidades de padecer TB pulmonar con un IC de 0.82; 2.24. Conclusiones: Se determinó la relación entre factores asociados a la prevalencia en pacientes diagnosticados con tuberculosis en el departamento al Guajira a partir del Sistema de Vigilancia en Salud Pública.
Factores asociados al intento de suicidio en adolescentes de 14-18 años en Santa Marta
(Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Posgrado, Especialización en Epidemiología, Santa Marta, 2019) Alvis Sanchez, Mayra Alejandra; Estrada Villegas, Libia Yesenia; Gonzalez Ruiz, Gisela Esther
The study looked for the factors associated with suicidal behavior in 14-18 year-old adolescents who were admitted to the emergency service for attempted suicide in the city of Santa Marta in the years 2016 and 2017. It is a correlational descriptive study, retrospective. In the study period, 122 suicide attempts were presented, in 75.5% were women, 24.5% men; while in 2017 the distribution was 80.8% for women compared to 19, 2% for men. The main triggers associated with suicidal behavior are: couple problems, chronic illness, economic problems, death of a family member, work problems, suicide of a relative, physical and psychological abuse and work problems.
Factores de riesgo relacionados con muerte perinatal en centros de atención médica en Barranquilla, 2016-2017
(Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Posgrado, Especialización en Epidemiología, Santa Marta, 2018) Alvarez Peña, Lizeth Pilar; Gonzalez Cassiani, Jineth Paola; Guzman Acuña, Kelly Janeth; Reyes Rios, Luz Angela
Objective: To determine the factors related to perinatal death in the Centers of Timely Medical Attention (CAMINOS) of the city of Barranquilla. Materials and Documents: a retrospective descriptive study of a series of cases was carried out;SIVIGILA database was consulted about the perinatal death event reported by all CAMINOS of university IPS of Antioquia in the city of Barranquilla-Colombia in the period from July 2016 to June 2017, it was taken the total of the population that had the complete information which corresponds to 124 univariate analysis performed, using proportions, measures of central tendency, frequencies, measures of central tendency and dispersion, to identify associated variables the square of pearson was determined. For these analyzes, the database was exported. Excel to SPSS version 22.0. Results: The ages of greatest risk are between 20 and 27 years old with 40%, the average age was 24.4 years, 24% of the population did not have prenatal check-ups, 66% of the births were in medium complexity, the 62 % were born by vaginal delivery, the highest percentage 53% died in the antepartum, according to gestational age 41% were premature extremes less than 28 weeks. Conclusions: maternal age, the number of prenatal controls, the vaginal birth route, premature gestational age and birth weight are risk factors associated with perinatal death in the study population.
Factores presentes en cuadros de malnutrición por exceso en adolescentes
(Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Enfermería, Santa Marta, 2017) Plata Bravo, Elsa; Villanueva, Fabiola; Reyes Ríos, Luz Angela
Se trata de un estudio de corte transversal correlacional que busca identificar algún grado de relación entre hábitos alimentarios y estado nutricional, Identificar y relacionar cual es el género y la edad con mayor tendencia a presentar mal nutrición por exceso, identificar la actividad física en una población de adolescentes de genero mixto de la escuela Agustín Codazzi del municipio de Soledad Atlántico. El estudio es transversal porque se desarrolla en un lapso plenamente definido para la recolección de información pertinente y correlacional porque pretende visualizar cómo se relacionan o vinculan lo anterior expuesto
Factores presentes en el emabarazo adolescente en una institución de Riohacha 2016-2018
(Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Especialización en Epidemiología, Santa Marta, 2019-07-26) Bueno Villar, Mayra Alejandra; Jurado Mejía, Yurieth Yissel; Nieves Martínez, María Teresa; Reyes Ríos, Luz Angela
Currently adolescent pregnancies are a reality in all Colombian institutions, and undoubtedly an important point of analysis, in terms of associated factors, such as: lack of education, unstructured families, and lack of sexual education in institutions framed under psychosocial, educational and even cultural dimension. Objective: To determine the factors presents with pregnancy in adolescents in an institution in Riohacha, La Guajira. Materials and methods: A sample of 100 adolescents with a diagnosis of pregnancy was taken to carry out a cross-sectional study, through the application of a survey to those who were between 10 and 19 years old who entered for prenatal control, vaccination and maternity in the E.S.E in order to establish which are the factors that most influence pregnancy at an early age. Results: According to the result of the study, an incidence was observed at the beginning of the sexual life of adolescents between 14 and 15 years old, being the lack of information the reason that greater proportion is presented as a reason for pregnancy, without leaving aside the cultural aspects and the motivations that lead teenagers to carry out the beginning of this activity. The present investigation will serve as a guide to institutions and researchers that seek to establish which are the factors that most influence pregnancy in adolescents.
Factores que inciden en el nivel de estrés laboral en el personal asistencial en un servicio de urgencia en la fase de mitigación del Covid-19
(Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Especialización en Epidemiología, Santa Marta, 2023-02-16) Contreras Ceballos, Cedilia; De La Hoz Maldonado, Yulmairi; Tapia Martínez, Liliana; Sánchez García, Yuris
Since December 2019, the world has experienced a public health crisis with the global health crisis of COVID-19. This implied pressure –among other aspects- on the human resources available to deal with them. This study is descriptive, cross-sectional and uses quantitative analysis techniques. The objective is to analyze the factors that affect the level of work stress in healthcare personnel in an emergency service in the mitigation phase of COVID 19. Six manifest analytical dimensions of work stress are analyzed: emotional fatigue, personal fulfillment, depersonalization, relational issues, compassion fatigue, and fears and anxieties. An information collection instrument was built that -with Likert scale-type response options- approaching associated reagents, allowing a statistical analysis to infer the underlying relationships. The results allow us to establish that the COVID-19 pandemic has become a stressful situation for the staff of the Emergency Unit, which is outlined in the responses given to the items related to fear and anxiety. Other factors had a particular incidence, as would be the case of emotional exhaustion, fatigue. Depersonalization appears as a consequent event. In the case of interpersonal relationships, problematic relationships such as colleagues can generate emotional disturbances (there is no way to prove the effect on work efficiency, despite what has been said). Compassion fatigue appears as a stressful factor, and fear and anxiety arise, more than because of the occupational risks involved, because of the possibility of affecting the family. The personal fulfillment dimension does not appear marked with an aspect of particular significance
Factores que influyen en la adherencia al tratamiento en pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus Tipo II
(Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Especialización en Epidemiología, Santa Marta, 2023-02-22) Pimienta Manjarres, Yacna; Marquez De Moya, Wilke; Hernandez Collante, Rosa; Yenifer Diaz Montes
During the development of this study, it was possible to identify that more than 80% of the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the IPS studied are in advantage of pharmacological and non-pharmacological adherence and this is evidenced in the good metabolic control of most of the patients. patients, however there is difficulty in some of the factors of the different dimensions, which indicates a small risk of generating non-adherence behaviors in the future, on the other hand, when doing the analysis of the influence of the different sociodemographic variables with having to use Insulin treatment, the only variable that was statistically significant was age, since it was observed that patients between 40 and 59 years of age are more likely to use insulin in relation to patients aged 18 to 39 years, however the other variables were not statistically significant for the use of insulin.

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Examinando Ciencias de la salud por Programa "Especialización en Epidemiología"

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