Publicación: Aplicación y análisis del instrumento de estilos y estrategias de afrontamiento en víctimas de diversos delitos
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This study contemplates the exploration of styles and coping strategies from the cognitive behavioral perspective by Halstead, Bennett, Cunningham (1993) cited by Solís and Vidal (2006), cited by Páramo (2008), who defines coping as ... those efforts cognitive and behavioral changes constantly developed to handle the specific external and / or internal demands that are evaluated as surplus or overflowing of the resources of the individual ... and the defense mechanisms of Anna Freud cited by Brainsky (2003) through the application of an instrument, designed by Gutiérrez de Piñéres and Páramo (2008), where the crime is not pre-established and the person can locate it according to its relevance; the most frequent were theft, violent carnal access, intrafamily violence, mistreatment, among others. The instrument is composed of 71 items classified into 13 categories (problem solving, self-criticism, expression of feelings, social support, cognitive restructuring, avoidance of problems, social isolation, illusions, behavioral traits, psychoactive substances, religion, acceptance and self-blame), which represent coping strategies, and in turn are framed in the following coping styles: Focus on the problem, Focused on emotion, Focused on behavior and Focused on thinking. The participants are volunteers and fulfill, characteristic of choice, that is to have been the victim of a crime. The sample consists of 60 people of whom 7 are minors and 53 are adults, 57% are women and 43% are men; Some relevant findings are related to the fact that the greatest number of victims are women and the crime of theft prevails with greater relevance, the illusions strategy is the most used with a percentage of 49%, framed in the emotion-centered style, and the least used strategy is the use of psychoactive substances with a percentage of 66%, framed in the style of centered in the thought.